Imarike yehlabathi yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona iphumelela ngenxa yobuchule kunye nokuthembeka, kunye nabavelisi abambalwa abakhokela rhoqo. Iinkampani ezifana nePanasonic, LG Chem, Samsung SDI, CATL, kunye ne-EBL zifumene udumo lwazo ngetekhnoloji yanamhlanje kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo. I-Panasonic, umzekelo, idume ngeebhetri zayo ze-lithium-ion eziphambili, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizithuthi zombane kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki zabathengi. I-LG Chem kunye ne-Samsung SDI zibalasele ngemixokelelwane yazo yokubonelela eqinileyo kunye nezabelo ezinkulu zemarike, kunye ne-Samsung SDI ebika ingeniso yonyaka yecandelo leebhetri ye-KRW 15.7 trillion. I-CATL igqwesile ekuzinzeni nasekukhuleni, ngelixa i-EBL inikezela ngezisombululo ezinomthamo ophezulu ezilungiselelwe iimfuno zabathengi. Aba bavelisi babeka imilinganiselo yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokubhekiselele ekuqineni, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza rhoqo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Iimveliso zePanasonic, LG Chem, Samsung SDI, CATL, kunye ne-EBLiibhetri ezintle ezinokutshajwa kwakhonaInkampani nganye ilungile kwizinto ezifana neengcinga ezintsha, ukulondoloza indalo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
• Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zezona zilungileyo zokugcina amandla amaninzi kwaye zihlala ixesha elide. Zisebenza kakuhle kwiifowuni nakwiimoto zombane, zinika amandla azinzileyo naqinileyo.
• Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Jonga iilebheli ezifana ne-IEC 62133 ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyayilandela imithetho yokhuseleko kwaye unciphise amathuba okuba kubekho iingxaki.
• Cinga ngezinto ezifunekayo kwisixhobo sakho xa ukhetha ibhetri. Khetha enye efanela iimfuno zamandla zesixhobo sakho ukuze siyisebenzise ngcono kwaye siphile ixesha elide.
• Ukunyamekela iibhetri kunokwenza zihlale ixesha elide. Zigcine kude neendawo ezishushu kakhulu okanye ezibandayo kwaye ungazihlawulisi kakhulu ukuze zihlale zisebenza kakuhle.

Imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kweebhetri ezitshajwayo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu

Ubuninzi bamandla

Uxinano lwamandla luyinto ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ilinganisa ubungakanani bamandla agciniweyo ngobunzima okanye umthamo weyunithi nganye, nto leyo echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhetri kunye nokuphatheka kwayo. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion, umzekelo, zibonelela ngoxinano lwamandla oluvela kwi-110 ukuya kwi-160 Wh/kg, nto leyo ezenza zilungele usetyenziso olufuna imithombo yamandla ekhaphukhaphu nencinci, njengeefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezithuthi zombane.

Umahluko phakathi koxinano lwamandla nezinye izinto, ezinje ngobomi bomjikelo, uyabonakala kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri. Iibhetri zeNickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) zibonelela ngoxinano lwamandla phakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-120 Wh/kg, zilungelelanisa umthamo ophakathi kunye nokufikeleleka. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iibhetri ze-alkaline ezisetyenziswa kwakhona zibonelela ngoxinano lwamandla okuqala lwe-80 Wh/kg kodwa zinobomi bomjikelo obulinganiselweyo bemijikelo engama-50 kuphela.

Uhlobo Lwebhetri	Ubuninzi bamandla eGravimetric (Wh/kg)	Ubomi boMjikelo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yomthamo wokuqala)	Ukumelana Kwangaphakathi (mΩ)
I-NiCd	45-80	1500	100 ukuya kuma-200
I-NiMH	60-120	300 ukuya kuma-500	200 ukuya kuma-300
I-asidi ye-Lead	30-50	200 ukuya kuma-300	<100
I-Li-ion	110-160	500 ukuya kwi-1000	150 ukuya kuma-250
I-polymer ye-Li-ion	100-130	300 ukuya kuma-500	200 ukuya kuma-300
I-Alkaline ephinda isetyenziswe	80 (eyokuqala)	50	Ukususela ngo-200 ukuya ku-2000

Ingcebiso:Abathengi abafunaiibhetri ezitshajwayo ezikumgangatho ophezulukufuneka zibeke phambili ukhetho lwe-lithium-ion kwizicelo ezifuna uxinano olukhulu lwamandla kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde.

Ixesha Lokuphila Nokuhlala Ixesha Elide

Ixesha lokuphila kwebhetri etshajwayo libhekisa kwinani lemijikelo yokukhupha itshaja enokumelana nayo ngaphambi kokuba umthamo wayo wehle ngaphantsi kwama-80% exabiso layo lokuqala. Ukuqina, kwelinye icala, kubandakanya amandla ebhetri okumelana nezinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo, ezifana nokuguquguquka kobushushu kunye nefuthe loomatshini.

Uvavanyo lobomi bexesha elide kunye neemodeli zokuguga ezikhawulezileyo zibe luncedo ekuvavanyeni ukuqina kwebhetri. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa iimeko zehlabathi lokwenyani, kubandakanya ubunzulu obahlukeneyo bokukhupha kunye namazinga okutshaja, ukuqikelela ubude bebhetri. Umzekelo, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zihlala phakathi kwemijikelo engama-500 kunye ne-1,000, kuxhomekeke kwiipateni zokusetyenziswa kunye neemeko zokugcina. Iibhetri zeNickel-Cadmium (NiCd), ezaziwa ngokuqina kwazo, zinokufikelela kwimijikelo efikelela kwi-1,500, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwizicelo zoshishino.

Phawula:Ukugcinwa nokugcinwa kakuhle kwandisa ubomi bebhetri. Kuphephe ukubeka iibhetri kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye ukutshaja kakhulu ukuze zihlale ixesha elide.

Iimpawu zoKhuseleko

Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu kuyilo lwebhetri etshajwayo, njengoko iziganeko ezibandakanya ukungasebenzi kwebhetri zinokubangela imiphumo emibi kakhulu. Abavelisi bafaka iindlela ezininzi zokhuseleko, ezinje ngokunqunyulwa kobushushu, ii-vents zokunciphisa uxinzelelo, kunye ne-electrolyte formulations eziphambili, ukunciphisa iingozi.

Iziganeko zokhuseleko zembali zigxininisa ukubaluleka kovavanyo oluqatha kunye nokuthobela imigangatho efana ne-IEC 62133. Umzekelo, iBoeing 787 Dreamliner yafumana ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweebhetri ngo-2013 ngenxa yeebhulukhwe zombane ezimfutshane, nto leyo eyabangela utshintsho kuyilo ukuphucula ukhuseleko. Ngokufanayo, ingozi yenqwelo-moya yokuthutha i-UPS 747-400 ngo-2010 yabonisa iingozi zomlilo webhetri ye-lithium, nto leyo eyakhokelela kwimithetho engqongqo yothutho lomoya.

Inkcazo yeSiganeko	Unyaka	Isiphumo
Ibhetri yeBoeing 787 Dreamliner ayisebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yokusilela kombane	2013	Uyilo lwebhetri lulungisiwe ngenxa yokhuseleko
Umlilo we-UPS 747-400 freighter obangelwe yibhetri ye-lithium	2010	Ingozi yenqwelo-moya ngenxa yomlilo
IBhodi yeSizwe yoKhuseleko lwezoThutho ibike izehlo zeebhetri zeNiCd	Kwiminyaka yoo-1970	Uphuculo lokhuseleko lwenziwe ngokuhamba kwexesha

Isilumkiso:Abathengi kufuneka bajonge iziqinisekiso ezifana ne-IEC 62133 xa bethenga iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi.

Ukungaguquguquki kokusebenza

Ukuhambelana kokusebenza yinto ebalulekileyo xa kuvavanywa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ibhekisa kubuchule bebhetri bokugcina imilinganiselo yokusebenza ezinzileyo, njengokugcinwa komthamo kunye nokukhutshwa kwamandla, kwimijikelo ephindaphindwayo yokukhupha itshaja. Abavelisi babeka phambili olu phawu ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwizixhobo zombane zabathengi ukuya kwizixhobo zoshishino.

Iimpawu eziphambili zokulinganisa ukufana

Iimvavanyo ezininzi kunye neemetrikhi zivavanya ukuhambelana kokusebenza kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Olu vavanyo lubonelela ngengqiqo yokuba ibhetri igcina njani amandla ayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Itheyibhile engezantsi igxininisa ezinye zezona metrikhi zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa kushishino:

Uvavanyo/Imilinganiselo	Ixabiso kwi-235th Cycle	Inkcazo
Ukugcinwa koMthamo (iBare Si-C)	70.4%	Ibonisa ipesenti yomthamo wokuqala ogciniweyo emva kwemijikelo engama-235.
Ukugcinwa koMthamo (Si-C/PD1)	85.2%	Ukugcinwa okuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-Si-C engenanto, kubonisa ukusebenza okungcono.
Ukugcinwa koMthamo (Si-C/PD2)	87.9%	Ukusebenza kakuhle phakathi kweesampulu, okubonisa uzinzo oluphezulu kwimijikelo.
ciyonke (i-60% ye-Electrolyte)	60.9 mAh μl–1	Isalathisi sokusebenza esihambelanayo, esingachaphazelekiyo ngumthamo we-electrolyte.
ciyonke (i-80% ye-Electrolyte)	60.8 mAh μl–1	Ifana ne-electrolyte engama-60%, ebonisa ukuthembeka kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Uvavanyo loBomi boMjikelo	N / A	Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwebhetri ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Idatha ityhila ukuba iibhetri ezineefomyula eziphambili, ezifana neSi-C/PD2, zibonisa ukugcinwa komthamo ophezulu. Oku kugxininisa ukubaluleka kobuchule bokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ekufezekiseni ukusebenza okuzinzileyo.

Izinto Ezichaphazela Uzinzo Lokusebenza

Zininzi izinto ezinegalelo ekuhambelaneni kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukwakhiwa kwezinto: Izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezifana nee-silicon-carbon composites, zonyusa uzinzo kwaye zinciphisa ukuwohloka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Ukwenziwa ngcono kwe-Electrolyte: Umthamo ofanelekileyo we-electrolyte uqinisekisa ukuhamba kwee-ion ngokulinganayo, okunciphisa ukuguquguquka kokusebenza.
• Ulawulo lobushushu: Ukusasazwa kobushushu okusebenzayo kuthintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo, nto leyo enokuphazamisa ukuthembeka kwebhetri.

Itshathi engezantsi ibonisa indlela iifomathi ezahlukeneyo zebhetri ezisebenza ngayo ngokwemigaqo yokugcina umthamo kunye nomthamo uwonke (ciyonke) kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo:

Kutheni Ukuhambelana Kwentsebenzo Kubalulekile

Ukusebenza rhoqo kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezisebenza ngeebhetri ezinokutshajwa zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kulo lonke ixesha lazo lobomi. Umzekelo, izithuthi zombane zifuna amandla azinzileyo ukuze zigcine umgama wokuqhuba, ngelixa izixhobo zonyango zixhomekeke kumandla angaphazanyiswa kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Iibhetri ezingaguquguqukiyo zinokulahlekelwa ngumthamo ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshintshweni rhoqo kunye neendleko ezonyukileyo.

Ingcebiso:Abathengi kufuneka baqwalasele iibhetri ezinemilinganiselo yokugcina amandla evunyiweyo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lobushushu eziqinileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.

Ngokugxila ekusebenzeni ngendlela efanayo, abavelisi banokuzisa iimveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo zanamhlanje ngelixa benciphisa iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo kunye noqoqosho.

Abavelisi Abaphezulu kunye Namandla Abo

I-Panasonic: Ubuchule kunye nokuthembeka

I-Panasonic izibonakalise njengovulindlela kwishishini leebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ngokusebenzisa ubuchule obungapheliyo kunye nokuzibophelela ekuthembekeni. Le nkampani ityale imali eninzi kuphando nophuhliso ukuze idale ubuchwepheshe bebhetri obuphambili obuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi eziguqukayo. Iibhetri zayo ze-lithium-ion, ezaziwa ngokuba namandla aphezulu kunye nemijikelo yobomi obude, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezifana nezithuthi zombane kunye ne-elektroniki yabathengi.

• IiPanasonic'seneloop™Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zibalasele ngokuqina kwazo okumangalisayo, zibonelela ngemijikelo yokutshajwa ephindwe kahlanu kunezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezikhuphisanayo.
• Abasebenzisi bahlala bexela ukusebenza okuhlala ixesha elide kunye namaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo egxininisa udumo lophawu lokuthembeka.
• Le nkampani ibeka phambili ukhuseleko ngokufaka iindlela eziphambili zokuthintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo, ukufinyela kwe-short-circuit, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho. Ibhetri nganye ivavanywa ngokuqatha ukuze ihlangabezane nemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo, ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwayo nokuba kwiimeko ezinzima.

Ukugxila kwePanasonic ekuzinzeni kuphucula ngakumbi ukuthandwa kwayo. Ngokugcina amandla ngokuhamba kwexesha nokunciphisa inkunkuma ngokusebenzisa ubomi bebhetri obude, inkampani ihambelana nemizamo yehlabathi yokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Ezi mpawu zenza iPanasonic ibe lukhetho oluphezulu kubathengi abafunaiibhetri ezitshajwayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

I-LG Chem: Ubuchwepheshe obuPhambili

I-LG Chem ifumene isikhundla sayo njengenkokeli kwimarike yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ngobuchule obuphambili betekhnoloji kunye nokugxila kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Iibhetri zayo ze-lithium-ion zidume kakhulu ngokusebenza kwazo kwicandelo lezithuthi zombane, apho ukuqina kunye nokufikeleleka kwexabiso kubalulekile.

• Imveliso yokugcina umbane yenkampani iRESU ifumene udumo olukhulu ngomgangatho wayo kunye nobuchule bayo.
• I-LG Chem isebenzisana nabavelisi beemoto abali-16 kwabangama-29 abaphambili kwihlabathi liphela, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iqhubeke nokuba ngumthengisi omkhulu weebhetri zeemoto kwihlabathi.
• Iibhetri zayo ze-lithium-ion ze-12V zivelisa amandla aphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ezenza zibe zilungele izisombululo zokugcina amandla.

1. I-LG Chem isebenzisa izityalo zemveliso ezingama-40 kumazwekazi amathathu, iqinisekisa amandla okuvelisa aqinileyo.
2. Le nkampani ineziqinisekiso ezininzi zokhuseleko, eziphucula ukuthembeka kwayo kunye nokuthenjwa kwabathengi.
3. Iibhetri zayo zihlala zisebenza kakuhle, zineempawu ezifana nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla okuthembekileyo.

Ngokudibanisa ukugqwesa kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuzibophelela kumgangatho, i-LG Chem iyaqhubeka nokubeka imilinganiselo kwishishini leebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona.

I-Samsung SDI: Ukuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza

I-Samsung SDI igqwesile ekunikezeni iibhetri ezinokutshajwa eziguquguqukayo nezisebenza kakuhle. Iimveliso zayo zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwii-elektroniki zabathengi ukuya kwiimoto zombane.

• Iibhetri zeSamsung SDI zinamandla amakhulu angama-900 Wh/L, nto leyo evumela uyilo oluncinci ngaphandle kokuphazamisa amandla.
• Njengoko ubomi bomjikelo omde budlula imijikelo eli-1,000 kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweCoulomb kwe-99.8%, ezi bhetri ziqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Kwimarike yezithuthi zombane, iibhetri zeSamsung SDI zivumela ukuba ziqhube umgama ofikelela kwiikhilomitha ezingama-800 ngetshaja enye, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zigcina amandla angcono.

Ingqwalasela yenkampani kubuchule bokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ifikelela kwiinkqubo zayo zokuvelisa, ezibeka phambili uzinzo nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngokunikezela ngezisombululo ezinokuthenjwa neziguquguqukayo, iSamsung SDI iqinise udumo lwayo njengenkokeli kwimarike yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona.

I-CATL: Ukuzinza kunye nokukhula

I-CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited) ivele njengenkokeli yehlabathi kwimveliso yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa, iqhutywa kukuzinikela kwayo ekuzinzeni nasekukhuleni. Le nkampani izama ngamandla izisombululo ezintsha zokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngelixa ihlangabezana neemfuno ezikhulayo zeenkqubo zokugcina amandla.

• I-CATL izibekele iinjongo ezinkulu zokufezekisa ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo ngo-2050. Iceba ukufaka umbane kwizithuthi zabakhweli ngo-2030 kunye neelori ezinkulu ngo-2035, ibonisa ukuzinikela kwayo ekuthuthweni okuzinzileyo.
• Uphuhliso lweebhetri ze-sodium-ion lubonisa amandla e-CATL okuvelisa izinto ezintsha. Ezi bhetri zibonelela ngokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye noxinano olukhulu lwamandla, nto leyo ezenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukwaziswa kwebhetri ye-M3P kuphawula elinye inqanaba elibalulekileyo. Le bhetri iphucula uxinano lwamandla ngelixa inciphisa iindleko xa ithelekiswa neebhetri zemveli ze-lithium iron phosphate (LFP).
• Ibhetri econdeneyo yeCATL, enobunzima bamandla obuyi-500 Wh/kg, imiselwe ukuveliswa ngobuninzi ekupheleni kuka-2023. Olu phuculo lubeka inkampani njengovulindlela kubuchwepheshe bebhetri obusebenza kakuhle.

Ukugxila kweCATL ekukhuleni kuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zayo zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini ukusuka kwizithuthi zombane ukuya kugcino lwamandla avuselelekayo. Ngokudibanisa amanyathelo okugcina izinto zizinzile kunye netekhnoloji yanamhlanje, iCATL iyaqhubeka nokubeka imilinganiselo yeebhetri ezitshajwayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

---

I-EBL: Iinketho ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezinomthamo ophezulu

I-EBL igxile ekuveliseni iibhetri ezinokutshajwa ezinomthamo ophezulu ezilungiselelwe iimfuno zabathengi. Olu phawu lwaziwa ngokufikeleleka kwalo kunye nokuguquguquka kwalo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lube lukhetho oludumileyo kwiisicelo zemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zovavanyo lomthamo zibonisa umahluko phakathi kokusebenza okubhengeziweyo kunye nokusebenza kokwenyani.

Uhlobo Lwebhetri	Amandla Okubhengezwa	Ubungakanani obuLinganisiweyo	Umahluko
Iibhetri ze-EBL AA	2800mAh	2000-2500mAh	300-800mAh
Iibhetri zeDragon ze-EBL	2800mAh	2500mAh	300mAh
Unyaka weDragon AAA	1100mAh	950-960mAh	140-150mAh

Nangona kukho umahluko, iibhetri ze-EBL zihlala ziyindlela ethembekileyo kubathengi abafuna izisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu. Uthotho lwe-Year of the Dragon luphumelela kakhulu kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo ze-EBL, lubonelela ngokugcinwa okuphuculweyo komthamo. Iibhetri ze-EBL AA zihlala zilinganisa phakathi kwe-2000-2500mAh, ngelixa iibhetri zeDragon zifikelela malunga ne-2500mAh.

Ingcebiso:Abathengi kufuneka baqwalasele iibhetri ze-EBL xa besebenzisa izixhobo apho ukufikeleleka kunye nomthamo ophakathi zizinto eziphambili. Nangona amandla alinganisiweyo esenokungafikeleli kwiingxelo ezipapashiweyo, iibhetri ze-EBL zisasebenza ngokuthembekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwemihla ngemihla.

---

I-Tenergy Pro kunye ne-XTAR: Iinketho ezithembekileyo nezingabizi kakhulu

I-Tenergy Pro kunye ne-XTAR zizenzele igama elithembekileyo kwimarike yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Iimveliso zabo zibonelela ngokulinganisela kokufikeleleka nokuthenjwa, nto leyo ezenza zibe zilungele abathengi abacinga ngebhajethi.

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zeTenergy, ezifana nomzekelo we-2600mAh AA, zibonelela ngokonga okukhulu kweendleko emva kokutshajwa nje okumbalwa. Abasebenzisi babuyisela utyalo-mali lwabo emva kwemijikelo emithathu, kunye nokutshajwa kwakhona okongezelelweyo okubonelela ngolondolozo olongezelelekileyo. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kwenza iibhetri zeTenergy zibe yindlela efanelekileyo kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo ze-alkaline.

Uvavanyo lokuthembeka lubonisa ukuqina kweebhetri zeTenergy. Uvavanyo lweWirecutter lubonisa ukuba iibhetri zeTenergy ze-800mAh NiMH AA zihlala zisondelelene nomthamo wazo obhengeziweyo nasemva kwemijikelo yokutshaja engama-50. Izifundo zeTrailcam Pro zibonisa ukuba iibhetri zeTenergy Premium AA zigcina i-86% yomthamo wazo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo kwiimeko ezinzima.

Iibhetri ze-XTAR zikwabonelela ngeziphumo ezithembekileyo. Ezaziwa ngokwakhiwa kwazo okuqinileyo kunye nobomi obude, iimveliso ze-XTAR zilungele abathengi abafuna iibhetri ezingabizi kakhulu kodwa ezisebenza kakuhle.

Ngokudibanisa ukufikeleleka kunye nokuthembeka okuqinisekisiweyo, iTenergy Pro kunye neXTAR zibonelela ngezisombululo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwizixhobo zasekhaya ukuya kwizixhobo zangaphandle.

Iintlobo zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kunye neemeko ezingcono zokusetyenziswa

Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion: Ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zilawula imarike yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa ngenxa yobuninzi bazo bamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ezi bhetri zigcina phakathi kwe-150-250 Wh/kg, ezinye iindlela ezisebenza kakuhle njenge-lithium polymer (130-200 Wh/kg) kunye ne-lithium iron phosphate (90-120 Wh/kg). Ubuninzi bazo bamandla aphezulu buzenza zilungele usetyenziso olufuna uyilo oluncinci, olufana neefowuni eziphathwayo, iilaptops, kunye nezithuthi zombane.

• Ukusebenza kakuhle: Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha itshaja kwi-90-95%, nto leyo enciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla ngexesha lokusebenza.
• Ukuqina: Zixhasa ubomi obude bomjikelo, zivumela ukusetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphandle kokwehla okukhulu kwamandla.
• UlondolozoNgokungafaniyo nobuchwepheshe bakudala, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion azifuni ukulungiswa kakhulu, nto leyo esusa isidingo sokukhupha amanzi rhoqo ukuze kuthintelwe impembelelo yememori.

Ezi mpawu zenza iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zibe luncedo kuzo zonke iishishini. Kwizinto ze-elektroniki zabathengi, zivumela uyilo olukhaphukhaphu kunye namandla ahlala ixesha elide. Kwicandelo leemoto, zibonelela ngeendawo zokuqhuba ezinde kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezithuthi zombane.

Ingcebiso: Abathengi abafuna iibhetri ezithembekileyo nezisebenza kakuhle kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kufuneka babeke phambili ukhetho lwe-lithium-ion.

Iibhetri zeNickel-Metal Hydride: Zingabizi kakhulu kwaye zihlala ixesha elide

Iibhetri zeNickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) zibonelela ngokulinganisela kokufikeleleka kunye nokuqina, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kwiimfuno zasekhaya nakwimizi-mveliso. Zinyamezela imijikelo yokutshaja engama-300-800, zigcina amandla ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zibonelela ngokonga ixesha elide.

• Iingenelo zoqoqoshoNangona ixabiso labo lokuqala liphezulu kuneeseli ezomileyo ezilahlwayo, iibhetri zeNiMH ziba zezonga emva kwemijikelo embalwa yokutshaja.
• Iindleko zoMjikelo woBomiIibhetri zeNiMH zanamhlanje zixabisa i-$0.28/Wh, ixabiso eliphantsi ngama-40% kunezinye iindlela zelithium-ion.
• Uzinzo: Ukutshajwa kwazo kunciphisa inkunkuma, kuhambelana neenjongo zokusingqongileyo.

Iibhetri zeNiMH zilungele izixhobo ezifuna amandla aphakathi, njengeekhamera, izinto zokudlala, kunye nezibane eziphathwayo. Ukuqina kwazo kuzenza zithembeke kwiimeko ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, kubandakanya izixhobo zonyango kunye neenkqubo zongxamiseko.

PhawulaAbathengi abafuna izisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu ezineemfuno zamandla eziphakathi kufuneka baqwalasele iibhetri zeNiMH.

Iibhetri zeLead-Acid: Usetyenziso olunzima

Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zibalasele kwizicelo ezinzima ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukujongana neemeko ze-charge ezingaphelelanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Izifundo zibonisa ukuqhubela phambili ekwamkelweni kwe-charge kunye nokujikeleza ubomi ngokusebenzisa izongezo zekhabhoni kunye neenethiwekhi ze-nanofiber eziqhubayo.

Isihloko soFundo	Iziphumo eziphambili
Impembelelo yezongezo zeCarbon ekwamkelweni kweNtlawulo	Ukwamkelwa kwetshaja okuphuculweyo kunye nobomi bomjikelo phantsi kweemeko zesimo sokutshaja esingaphelelanga.
IiNanofibers zeCarbon eziGraftisiweyo	Ukufumaneka kwamandla okwandisiweyo kunye nokunyamezela kwezicelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Imilinganiselo yokulahleka kwegesi kunye namanzi	Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwebhetri phantsi kweemeko zokwenyani.

Ezi bhetri zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo leemoto, lemizi-mveliso, nelamandla avuselelekayo. Ukuthembeka kwazo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kuzenza zibe yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekunikezeni amandla kwizixhobo ezibalulekileyo nakwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla.

IsilumkisoIibhetri ze-lead-acid zilungele usetyenziso olufuna ukuqina kunye namandla aphezulu okukhupha, njengeenkqubo zokugcina kunye noomatshini abanzima.

Iibhetri zeNiMH: Zihlala ixesha elide kwaye azizikhuphi ngokupheleleyo

Iibhetri zeNickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) zibalasele ngokukwazi kwazo ukugcina itshaja ixesha elide. Iiseli zeNiMH zesimanje ezizikhuphayo kancinci (LSD) zenzelwe ukujongana nomba oqhelekileyo wokulahleka kwamandla ngokukhawuleza, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri zihlala zilungele ukusetyenziswa nasemva kweenyanga zokugcina. Olu phawu luzenza zilungele izixhobo ezifuna umbane othembekileyo ngaphandle kokutshaja rhoqo, ezifana nolawulo olukude, iitotshi, kunye neekhibhodi ezingenazingcingo.

Iingenelo eziphambili zeebhetri zeNiMH

• Ukuzikhupha Okuphantsi: Iibhetri ze-LSD NiMH zigcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-85% yetshaja yazo emva konyaka omnye zigcinwe, ziphumelela ngaphezu kweemodeli ezindala ze-NiMH.
• Ukusebenza Okuhlala Ixesha Elide: Ezi bhetri zinyamezela imijikelo yokutshaja engama-300 ukuya kuma-500, zibonelela ngokukhupha amandla rhoqo kulo lonke ixesha lazo lobomi.
• Uyilo Olunobuhlobo Nokusingqongileyo: Iibhetri zeNiMH ezinokutshajwa zinciphisa inkunkuma ngokutshintsha iibhetri ze-alkaline ezilahlwayo, zihambelana neenjongo zozinzo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukutshaja rhoqo kunokukhawulezisa ukonakala kweebhetri ezisekelwe kwi-nickel. Abasebenzisi kufuneka baphephe ukushiya iibhetri ze-NiMH kwiitshaja ixesha elide ukuze balondoloze ubomi babo obude. Iimpawu ezifana ne-Eneloop kunye ne-Ladda zibonakalise ukusebenza okwahlukeneyo phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, ezinye iimodeli zibonisa ukuqina okungcono kunezinye.

Ingcebiso: Ukuze iibhetri zeNiMH zihlale ixesha elide, zisuse kwiitshaja xa sele zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo uze uzigcine kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo.

Izicelo kunye nokuguquguquka

Iibhetri zeNiMH zibalasele kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphakathi kunye nokuthembeka kwexesha elide. Amanqanaba azo aphantsi okuzikhupha azenza zilungele izixhobo ezingxamisekileyo, ezinje ngezixhobo zokubona umsi kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezixhasayo. Ukongeza, ukukwazi kwazo ukuphatha izixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi, kuquka iikhamera zedijithali kunye nabalawuli bemidlalo, kubonisa ubuchule bazo.

Ngokudibanisa ukuqina kunye netekhnoloji yokukhupha umbane ephantsi, iibhetri zeNiMH zibonelela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo kubathengi abafuna iindlela zokutshaja ezihlala ixesha elide. Uyilo lwazo olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza kwazo rhoqo kuzenza zibe lukhetho oluxabisekileyo kuzo zombini izicelo zemihla ngemihla kunye nezo zikhethekileyo.

Izinto Eziqwalaselwa Ngabathengi

Ukufanisa Uhlobo Lwebhetri Nesixhobo

Ukukhetha ekuneneibhetri etshajwayo yesixhoboiqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobude bexesha elide. Uhlobo ngalunye lwebhetri luneempawu ezizodwa ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezithile. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion, umzekelo, zilungele izixhobo ezinamandla aphezulu njengee-smartphones, iilaptops, kunye nezithuthi zombane ngenxa yobuninzi bazo bamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Iibhetri zeNickel-metal hydride (NiMH), kwelinye icala, zisebenza kakuhle kwizixhobo zasekhaya ezifana neekhamera kunye nezinto zokudlala, zibonelela ngokuqina kunye nokukhupha amandla okuphakathi.

Izixhobo ezifuna amandla aphezulu, njengezixhobo zonyango okanye izixhobo zoshishino, ziyazuza kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid, ezaziwa ngokuqina kwazo nokuthembeka kwazo. Kwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi kancinci ezifana nee-remote controls okanye ii-flashlights, iibhetri ze-NiMH ezinezinga eliphantsi lokukhupha amanzi ngokwazo zibonelela ngokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwixesha elide. Ukudibanisa uhlobo lwebhetri nesixhobo akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kodwa kunciphisa nesidingo sokutshintshwa rhoqo, oko konga ixesha kunye nemali.

Ingcebiso: Soloko ujonga iingcebiso zomenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri nesixhobo ziyahambelana.

Izinto ezichaphazela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye neendleko

Iingqwalasela zeendleko zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni iibhetri ezinokutshajwa. Nangona iindleko zokuqala zingabonakala ziphezulu kunezinye iindlela ezingasetyenziswayo, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zibonelela ngokonga okukhulu kwexesha elide. Umzekelo, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion enexabiso lokuqala le-$50 inokutshajwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,000 amaxesha, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu iindleko ngokusetyenziswa ngakunye.

Uhlobo lwexabiso	Iinkcukacha
Iindleko zokuqala	Iimodyuli zebhetri, ii-inverters, abalawuli betshaja, ukufakelwa, iimvume.
Ukonga Ixesha Elide	Ukunciphisa iindleko zombane, ukuthintela iindleko zokucima kombane, kunye nengeniso enokubakho.
Iindleko zoMjikelo woBomi	Ulondolozo, iindleko zokutshintsha, iziqinisekiso, kunye nenkxaso.
Umzekelo Wokubala	Ixabiso lokuqala: $50,000; Ukonga konyaka: $5,000; Ixesha lokuhlawula: iminyaka eli-10.

Abathengi kufuneka baqwalasele neendleko zomjikelo wobomi, kuquka iindleko zokugcina nokutshintsha. Iibhetri ezinobomi obude kunye neziqinisekiso zihlala zibonelela ngexabiso elingcono ngokuhamba kwexesha. Amaxabiso akhuphisanayo kwimarike anceda abathengi ngakumbi, njengoko abavelisi bevelisa izinto ezintsha ukuze banikezele ngezisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu.

Impembelelo kwiNdalo kunye nokuZinza

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinegalelo ekuzinzeni ngokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokugcina izixhobo. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion, umzekelo, zinempembelelo ephantsi kwindalo xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ezilahlwayo. Uvavanyo lomjikelo wobomi (LCA) luvavanya iziphumo zalo kutshintsho lwemozulu, ubuthi ebantwini, kunye nokuncipha kwezixhobo, nto leyo enceda abathengi ukuba benze ukhetho olunolwazi.

Udidi lweMpembelelo	I-ASSB-LSB	I-LIB-NMC811	I-ASSB-NMC811
Imo iyatshintsha	Ezantsi	Phezulu	Phezulu
Ubuthi boMntu	Ezantsi	Ezantsi	Ezantsi
Ukuphela Kwemithombo Yezimbiwa	Ezantsi	Ezantsi	Ezantsi
Ukwenziwa kwe-Photochemical Oxidant	Ezantsi	Ezantsi	Ezantsi

Ukongeza, uphuhliso kwitekhnoloji yebhetri, njengeebhetri ze-sodium-ion kunye ne-aluminium-ion, luphucula ngakumbi uzinzo ngokusebenzisa izinto ezininzi kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Ngokukhetha iindlela ezinobuhlobo nendalo, abathengi banokunciphisa umngcipheko wabo wokusingqongileyo ngelixa besonwabela izisombululo zamandla ezithembekileyo.

Phawula: Ukulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokurisayikilisha iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kubalulekile ukuthintela ukonakala kwendalo kunye nokubuyisa izinto ezixabisekileyo.

Udumo kunye neWaranti yoRhwebo

Udumo lwebhrendi ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimarike yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa. Abathengi badla ngokunxulumanisa iimpawu ezisele zizinzile nokuthembeka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi. Abavelisi abanegama elihle bahlala benikezela ngeemveliso ezihlangabezana okanye ezidlula imigangatho yoshishino. Ukuzinikela kwabo kumgangatho kukhuthaza ukuthembana nokuthembeka phakathi kwabasebenzisi.

Ukugubungela iwaranti kuqinisa ngakumbi ukuthembeka kophawu. Iwaranti epheleleyo ibonisa ukuzithemba komenzi ekuqineni nasekusebenzeni kweebhetri zakhe. Ixesha elide lewaranti libonisa ukuzibophelela kwixesha elide lemveliso, ngelixa inkonzo yabathengi ephendulayo iqinisekisa inkqubo yokufaka amabango engenamthungo. Ezi zinto zinegalelo kumava amahle kubathengi kwaye zinciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene nokuthenga iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona.

Iinkalo eziphambili zoDumo lweBrand kunye neWaranti

Icala eliPhambili	Inkcazo
Umnqa wobomi	Iibhetri kufuneka zinyamezele imijikelo emininzi yokukhupha itshaja ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kakhulu ekusebenzeni.
Iimpawu zoKhuseleko	Khangela iibhetri ezikhusela ekutshajeni kakhulu, ekutshiseni kakhulu, nakwii-short-circuits.
Ukunyamezela Ubushushu	Iibhetri kufuneka zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo.
Amandla okutshaja ngokukhawuleza	Khetha iibhetri ezinokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha lokungasebenzi.
Ubude bewaranti	Iwaranti ende ibonisa ukuzithemba komenzi kwixesha elide lemveliso.
Ugutyungelwa ngokubanzi	Iziqinisekiso kufuneka zigubungele imiba eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiziphene ukuya ekusileleni kokusebenza.
Ukulula kwamabango	Inkqubo yokufaka ibango lewaranti kufuneka ibe lula kwaye isebenziseke lula.
Inkonzo eyenzelwe	Iziqinisekiso ezilungileyo zixhaswa yinkxaso yabathengi ephendulayo.

Iimpawu ezifana nePanasonic kunye neLG Chem zibonisa ukubaluleka kodumo kunye newaranti. Iindlela zokuvavanya ezingqongqo zePanasonic ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka, ngelixa ubudlelwane beLG Chem nabenzi beemoto abaphambili bugxininisa ukugqwesa kwayo kushishino. Zombini iinkampani zibonelela ngewaranti ezigubungela iziphene kunye nemiba yokusebenza, zibonelela ngoxolo lwengqondo kubathengi.

Ingcebiso: Abathengi kufuneka babeke phambili iimpawu ezinegama eliqinisekisiweyo kunye neziqinisekiso ezibonelela ngenkonzo epheleleyo. Ezi zinto zikhusela utyalo-mali kwaye ziqinisekisa ulwaneliseko lwexesha elide.

Ngokukhetha abavelisi abathembekileyo abaneziqinisekiso eziqinileyo, abathengi banokonwabela ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye neendleko zokulungisa ezincitshisiweyo. Le ndlela inciphisa iingozi kwaye iphucula ixabiso lilonke leebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona.

---

Ishishini leebhetri ezinokutshajwa liphumelela kakhulu kubuchule bokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, apho abavelisi abaphambili bebeka imilinganiselo yokusebenza, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza. Iinkampani ezifana nePanasonic, LG Chem, Samsung SDI, CATL, kunye ne-EBL zibonakalise ubuchule bazo ngetekhnoloji ephucukileyo kunye neemveliso ezithembekileyo. Umzekelo, iPanasonic igqwesile ekuqineni, ngelixa iCATL igxile ekuzinzeni nasekukhuleni. La mandla aqinise isikhundla sawo njengeenkokheli zemarike.

Abadlali abaPhambili	Ukwabelana kwimakethi	Uphuhliso lwakutsha nje
I-Panasonic	25%	Ukuqaliswa kwemveliso entsha kwikota yoku-1 ka-2023
I-LG Chem	20%	Ukufunyanwa kweNkampani X
I-Samsung SDI	15%	Ukwanda kwiimarike zaseYurophu

Ukuqonda iintlobo zebhetri kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho kubalulekile ekukhetheni iibhetri ezitshajwayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Izinto ezifana noxinano lwamandla, ubomi, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Abathengi kufuneka bavavanye iimfuno zabo ezithile, ezinje ngokuhambelana kwesixhobo kunye nempembelelo yokusingqongileyo, ngaphambi kokuba bathenge.

Ngokuqwalasela ezi nkalo, abathengi banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ezihambelana neemfuno zabo kwaye zinegalelo kwikamva elizinzileyo.

FAQ

Yeyiphi ibhetri elungele ukutshajwa kwakhona kwizixhobo zemihla ngemihla?

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zilungele izixhobo zemihla ngemihla ezifana neefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neelaptop ngenxa yokuba zinamandla amaninzi kwaye zihlala ixesha elide. Kwizinto zasekhaya ezifana neeremote controls okanye iiflashlights, iibhetri zeNiMH ezinamazinga aphantsi okukhupha umbane zibonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.

---

Ndingayandisa njani ixesha lobomi beebhetri zam ezinokutshajwa kwakhona?

Gcina iibhetri kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo kwaye ungazichaphazeli kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Susa iibhetri kwiitshaja xa sele zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze uthintele ukutshaja kakhulu. Landela izikhokelo zomenzi ukuze zisetyenziswe kakuhle kwaye zigcinwe kakuhle ukuze zihlale ixesha elide.

---

Ngaba iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo?

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinciphisa inkunkuma ngokutshintsha iindlela ezilahlwayo, nto leyo ezenza zibe nobuhlobo ngakumbi nokusingqongileyo. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion kunye neNiMH zinempembelelo ephantsi kokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezixabisekileyo ziyafunyanwa, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi umngcipheko wazo kwindalo.

---

Ndingayikhetha njani ibhetri etshajwayo efanelekileyo kwisixhobo sam?

Tshatisa uhlobo lwebhetri neemfuno zamandla zesixhobo sakho. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zilungele izixhobo ezinamandla aphezulu, ngelixa iibhetri zeNiMH zisebenza kakuhle kwizicelo zamandla aphakathi. Soloko ujonga iingcebiso zomenzi ukuze ubone ukuba ziyahambelana na ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.

---

Zeziphi iimpawu zokhuseleko ekufuneka ndizijonge kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona?

Khangela iibhetri ezinezikhuselo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ekutshajeni kakhulu, ukutshisa kakhulu, kunye nokujikeleza okufutshane. Iziqinisekiso ezifana ne-IEC 62133 zibonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko yehlabathi. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.