Ndiqaphele ukuba iibhetri ezikwaziyo ukutshajwa zenziwa ikakhulu kumazwe afana neTshayina, uMzantsi Korea, kunye neJapan. Ezi zizwe ziyagqwesa ngenxa yezinto ezininzi ezizenza zahluke.

• Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, efana nophuhliso lwe-lithium-ion kunye neebhetri zombuso oqinileyo, ziguqule ukusebenza kwebhetri.
• Inkxaso karhulumente kwiiprojekthi zamandla ahlaziyekayo idale imeko efanelekileyo yokuvelisa.
• Ukwamkelwa okunyukayo kwezithuthi zombane kuye kwaqhubela phambili imfuno, noorhulumente banikezela ngenkuthazo ukukhuthaza olu tshintsho.

Ezi zinto, zidityaniswe namakhonkco obonelelo aqinileyo kunye nokufikelela kwimathiriyeli ekrwada, zichaza ukuba kutheni la mazwe ekhokela ishishini.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• I-China, i-South Korea, kunye ne-Japan zenza ezininzi iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Banezixhobo eziphambili kunye neenkqubo zokubonelela ezinamandla.
• I-US kunye neCanada benza iibhetri ezininzi ngoku. Bagxininisa ekusebenziseni izinto zasekuhlaleni kunye neefektri.
• Ukuba yi-eco-friendly kubaluleke kakhulu kubenzi beebhetri. Basebenzisa amandla aluhlaza kunye neendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokunceda iplanethi.
• Ukurisayikilisha kunceda ukusika inkunkuma kwaye kusetyenziswe imathiriyeli emitsha embalwa. Oku kuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwemithombo ngendlela ekrelekrele.
• Itekhnoloji entsha, njengeebhetri eziqinileyo, iya kwenza iibhetri zikhuseleke kwaye zibengcono kwixesha elizayo.

IiHubs zeMveliso zeHlabathi zeeBatri eziTshajwa kwakhona

UbuNkokeli baseAsia kwiMveliso yeBattery

Ukongamela kweTshayina kwimveliso yebhetri ye-lithium-ion

Ndiqaphele ukuba iChina ikhokela imarike yehlabathi yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Ngo-2022, ilizwe lanikezela nge-77% yeebhetri zehlabathi ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Olu lawulo luvela kufikelelo olubanzi lwezinto ezikrwada ezifana ne-lithium kunye ne-cobalt, idityaniswa nobuchule obuphambili bokuvelisa. Urhulumente wase-China utyale imali eninzi kumandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nemizi-mveliso yezithuthi zombane, edala inkqubo yendalo eyomeleleyo yokuvelisa ibhetri. Umlinganiselo wemveliso e-China uqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri ezihlawulekayo ezenziwe apha zihlala zinendleko kwaye zifumaneka ngokubanzi.

Inkqubela phambili yaseMzantsi Korea kwitekhnoloji yebhetri esebenza kakhulu

UMzantsi Korea uqingqe i-niche ekuveliseni iibhetri ezisebenza kakhulu. Iinkampani ezifana ne-LG Energy Solution kunye ne-Samsung SDI igxile ekuphuhliseni iibhetri ezinoxinano lwamandla aphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ndifumana ugxininiso lwabo kuphando kunye nophuhliso luchukumisa, njengoko luqhuba izinto ezintsha kushishino. Ubuchwephesha baseMzantsi Korea kubathengi be-elektroniki bomeleza ngakumbi isikhundla sabo njengenkokeli kubuchwepheshe bebhetri.

Isidima saseJapan somgangatho kunye nokusungula izinto ezintsha

IJapan izakhele udumo ngokuvelisaibhetri egcwalisekayo ekumgangatho ophezulus. Abavelisi abafana nePanasonic babeka phambili ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka, okwenza iimveliso zabo zifunwa kakhulu. Ndiyakuncoma ukuzibophelela kweJapan ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha, ngakumbi kuphando lwebhetri yelizwe eliqinileyo. Olu gxininiso kwitekhnoloji ye-cutting-edge iqinisekisa ukuba iJapan ihlala ingumdlali ophambili kwimakethi yebhetri yehlabathi.

Indima eyandisayo yaseMntla Melika

Ujoliso lwaseMelika kwimveliso yebhetri yasekhaya

I-United States inyuse kakhulu indima yayo kwimveliso yebhetri kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Ukunyuka kwemfuno yezithuthi zombane kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuye kwaqhuba oku kukhula. Urhulumente wase-US uxhase ishishini ngamaphulo kunye notyalo-mali, okukhokelela ekuphindweni kabini kwamandla avuselelekayo ukusuka kwi-2014 ukuya kwi-2023. I-California kunye ne-Texas ngoku ikhokelela kumthamo wokugcina ibhetri, kunye nezicwangciso zokwandisa ngakumbi. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba oku kugxininiswa kwimveliso yasekhaya kuya kunciphisa ukuthembela kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nokuqinisa indawo yase-US kwimarike yehlabathi.

Indima yaseKhanada ekuboneleleni ngemathiriyeli ekrwada nakwimveliso

ICanada idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngemathiriyeli ekrwada efana nenickel kunye necobalt, eyimfuneko kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezenziwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Ilizwe likwaqalisile ukwenza utyalo-mali kumaziko okwenziwa kweebhetri ukuze lisebenzise ubutyebi balo. Ndibona iinzame zaseKhanada njengenyathelo lobuchule lokuzidibanisa ngakumbi kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngebhetri yehlabathi.

Ishishini lebhetri elikhulayo laseYurophu

Ukunyuka kwee-gigafactories eJamani naseSweden

IYurophu iye yavela njengendawo ekhulayo yokuvelisa ibhetri, kunye neJamani kunye neSweden ekhokelayo. Ii-Gigafactories kula mazwe zijolise ekuhlangabezaneni nemfuno ekhulayo yommandla wezithuthi zombane. Ndifumana isikali sezi zixhobo zinomtsalane, njengoko zijolise ekunciphiseni ukuxhomekeka kweYurophu ekuthengeni ngaphandle kweAsia. Ezi mizi-mveliso zikwagxininisa uzinzo, zihambelana neenjongo zokusingqongileyo zaseYurophu.

Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-EU ekhuthaza imveliso yasekhaya

I-European Union iphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yokunyusa imveliso yebhetri yasekhaya. Amanyathelo afana ne-European Battery Alliance ajolise ekukhuseleni izixhobo zemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokukhuthaza iinkqubo zoqoqosho ezijikelezayo. Ndikholelwa ukuba ezi nzame aziyi kwandisa kuphela amandla emveliso yaseYurophu kodwa ziqinisekisa uzinzo lwexesha elide kushishino.

Izixhobo kunye neNkqubo kwiMveliso yeBattery eTshajwayo kwakhona

IMathiriyeli ekrwada eyimfuneko

I-Lithium: Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona

I-Lithium idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ndiye ndaqaphela ukuba ubunzima bayo obukhaphukhaphu kunye nobuninzi bamandla buyenza ibaluleke kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Nangona kunjalo, i-lithium yezemigodi iza nemingeni yokusingqongileyo. Iinkqubo zokumba zidla ngokukhokelela kungcoliseko lomoya namanzi, ukonakaliswa komhlaba, nokungcoliseka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Kwimimandla efana neDemocratic Republic of the Congo, imigodi ye-cobalt ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo, ngelixa uhlalutyo lwesathelayithi eCuba luveze ngaphezulu kweehektare ezingama-570 zomhlaba owenziwe umqwebedu ngenxa yemisebenzi yemigodi ye-nickel kunye ne-cobalt. Nangona le mingeni, i-lithium ihlala ilitye lembombo lobuchwepheshe bebhetri.

I-Cobalt kunye ne-nickel: Isitshixo ekusebenzeni kwebhetri

I-cobalt kunye ne-nickel zibalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kwebhetri. Ezi zinyithi ziphucula ukuxinana kwamandla kunye nokuphila ixesha elide, nto leyo ezenza zibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezifana nezithuthi zombane. Ndiyifumana inika umdla ukuba ezi mathiriyeli zinegalelo njani ekusebenzeni kweebhetri eziphinda zitshajwe ezenziwe kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, ukutsalwa kwazo kusebenzisa amandla amaninzi kwaye kubeka imingcipheko kwi-ikhosistim yengingqi kunye noluntu. Ukuvuza kwesinyithi esinetyhefu kwimisebenzi yemigodi kungonakalisa zombini impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Igraphite kunye nezinye izinto ezixhasayo

Igraphite isebenza njengesixhobo sokuqala se-anode yebhetri. Ukukwazi kwayo ukugcina i-lithium ion ngokufanelekileyo yenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo. Ezinye izinto, ezifana ne-manganese kunye ne-aluminium, nazo zidlala indima exhasayo ekuphuculeni ukuzinza kwebhetri kunye ne-conductivity. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ezi zixhobo ngokudibeneyo ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kweebhetri zanamhlanje.

IiNkqubo zoMveliso eziPhambili

Ukwembiwa kunye nokusulungekiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada

Ukuveliswa kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kuqala ngokumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokucokisa izinto ezikrwada. Eli nyathelo libandakanya ukukhupha i-lithium, i-cobalt, i-nickel, kunye ne-graphite emhlabeni. Ukucokisa ezi mathiriyeli kuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko efunekayo ekwenzeni ibhetri. Nangona le nkqubo ifuna amandla amaninzi, ibeka isiseko seebhetri ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Indibano yeseli kunye nokuveliswa kwebhetri yepakethe

Indibano yeseli ibandakanya amanyathelo antsonkothileyo aliqela. Okokuqala, izinto ezisebenzayo zixutywe ukufezekisa ukuhambelana okufanelekileyo. Emva koko, i-slurries ifakwe kwi-foil yentsimbi kwaye yomiswe ukuze yenze imigangatho yokukhusela. Ii-electrode ezigqunyiweyo zicinezelwa ngekhalenda ukuze kuphuculwe ukuxinana kwamandla. Ekugqibeleni, i-electrodes iyasikwa, ihlanganiswe kunye ne-separators, kwaye izaliswe nge-electrolytes. Ndiyifumana le nkqubo inika umdla ngenxa yokuchaneka kunye nokuntsonkotha kwayo.

Ulawulo lomgangatho kunye neenkqubo zokuvavanya

Ulawulo lomgangatho ainkalo ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kweebhetri. Iindlela zokuhlola ezisebenzayo zibalulekile ukufumanisa iziphene kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka. Ndiqaphele ukuba ukulinganisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ngumngeni obalulekileyo. Iiseli ezineziphene eziphuma kumzi-mveliso zinokulonakalisa igama lenkampani. Ke ngoko, abavelisi batyala imali eninzi kwiinkqubo zokuvavanya ukugcina imigangatho ephezulu.

Iimpembelelo zokusiNgqongileyo nezoQoqosho zokuVeliswa kwebhetri eTshajwayo kwakhona

Imingeni yokusingqongileyo

Iimpembelelo zemigodi kunye nokuncipha kwemithombo

Ukwembiwa kwezixhobo ezifana ne-lithium kunye ne-cobalt kudala imingeni ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo. Ndiye ndaphawula ukuba ukutsalwa kwe-lithium, ngokomzekelo, kufuna amanzi amaninzi—ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 yezigidi zeetoni ngetoni enye yelithium. Oku kukhokelele ekuncipheni okukhulu kwamanzi kwimimandla efana ne-South American Lithium Triangle. Imisebenzi yezemigodi ikwatshabalalisa iindawo zokuhlala kwaye ingcolise i-ecosystem. Imichiza eyingozi esetyenziswa xa kutsalwa ingcolisa imithombo yamanzi, ibeka esichengeni ubomi basemanzini nempilo yabantu. Imifanekiso yesathelayithi iveza imbonakalo-mhlaba engumqwebedu ebangelwa kukumbiwa kwe-nickel kunye ne-cobalt, iqaqambisa umonakalo wexesha elide kwi-ikhosistim yasekhaya. Ezi zenzo azithobi nje kuphela imo engqongileyo kodwa zikwakhawulezisa ukuncipha kobutyebi, ziphakamisa inkxalabo malunga nokuzinza.

Ukurisayikilisha kunye neenkxalabo zolawulo lwenkunkuma

Ukurisayikilishwa kweebhetri ezitshajwayo kuhlala kuyinkqubo entsonkothileyo. Ndiyifumana inika umdla indlela iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo ezithatha ngayo amanyathelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa ukuqokelelwa, ukuhlela, ukukrazula, kunye nokwahlula, ukubuyisela iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo njenge-lithium, nickel, kunye ne-cobalt. Ngaphandle kwezi nzame, amazinga okuhlaziya ahlala ephantsi, ekhokelela ekwandeni kwenkunkuma yombane. Iindlela ezingasebenziyo zokurisayikilishwa zinegalelo ekonakalisweni kwezixhobo kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo. Ukuseka iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokurisayikilishwa kwakhona kunokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yokusebenza kwemigodi emitsha. Oku kuya kunceda ukujongana neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ezikhulayo ezinxulumene nemveliso yebhetri ephinda itshajwe.

Imiba yezoQoqosho

Iindleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nabasebenzi

Ukuveliswa kweebhetri ezinokutsha kwakhona kubandakanya iindleko eziphezulu ngenxa yokuthembela kwizinto ezinqabileyo ezifana ne-lithium, i-cobalt, kunye ne-nickel. Ezi zixhobo azibizi nje kuphela kodwa zifuna amandla kakhulu ukukhupha kunye nokusebenza. Iindleko zabasebenzi zongeza ngakumbi kwiindleko zizonke, ngakumbi kwimimandla enokhuseleko olungqongqo kunye nemithetho yokusingqongileyo. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ezi zinto zinempembelelo enkulu kumaxabiso eebhetri eziphinda zitshajwe ezenziwe kwihlabathi jikelele. Iinkxalabo zokhuseleko, ezifana nobungozi bokudubula kunye nomlilo, nazo zonyusa iindleko zemveliso, njengoko abavelisi kufuneka batyale imali kumanyathelo okhuseleko oluphezulu.

Ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi kunye namandla orhwebo

Ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi luqhuba inguqulelo kwishishini lebhetri eligcwalisekayo. Iinkampani zihlala ziphuhlisa itekhnoloji entsha ukuze zihlale phambili. Amaqhinga amaxabiso kufuneka aziqhelanise ukuze ahlale enokhuphiswano kwimarike ephenjelelwa lubuhlakani obucwangcisiweyo kunye nokwandiswa kwejografi. Ndiqaphele ukuba iimarike ezisahlumayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni amandla orhwebo. Ukwandisa umthamo wemveliso kwimimandla efana noMntla Melika kunye neYurophu akunciphisi nje ukuthembela kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kodwa kukwangqanyaniswa nemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ekhuthaza ubugcisa obuluhlaza. Oku kudala amathuba okudala imisebenzi kunye nohlumo loqoqosho.

Iinzame zozinzo

Izinto ezintsha kwiindlela zokuvelisa i-eco-friendly

Uzinzo lube yinto ephambili kwimveliso yeebhetri. Ndiyayithanda indlela iinkampani ezisebenzisa ngayo iindlela zemveliso eco-friendly ukunciphisa ifuthe labo lokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, abanye abavelisi ngoku basebenzisa imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo ukunika amandla izixhobo zabo. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kuyilo lwebhetri nako kugxininise ekunciphiseni imfuno yezinto ezinqabileyo, ukwenza imveliso igcineke ngakumbi. Ezi nzame azipheleli nje ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kodwa zikwanegalelo kuqoqosho lwesetyhula ngokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto.

Imigaqo-nkqubo ekhuthaza uqoqosho lwesetyhula

Oorhulumente kwihlabathi jikelele basebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kwimveliso yeebhetri. Uxanduva olwandisiweyo lwabavelisi (EPR) lunika abavelisi uxanduva lokulawula iibhetri ekupheleni kobomi babo. Uhlaziyo ekujoliswe kulo kunye nenkxaso-mali yophando nophuhliso ixhasa ngakumbi la manyathelo. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba le migaqo-nkqubo iya kukhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kweendlela zoqoqosho ezijikelezayo, ziqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe ezenziwe namhlanje zinokuncipha kokusingqongileyo. Ngokubeka phambili ukuzinza, ishishini linokufikelela ekukhuleni kwexesha elide ngelixa lijongene neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo.

Ikamva Trends inUkwenziwa kweBattery eTshajwayo kwakhona

Inkqubela phambili yeTekhnoloji

Iibhetri zombuso oqinileyo kunye namandla azo

Ndibona iibhetri zelizwe eliqinileyo njengenguqu yomdlalo kwishishini. Ezi bhetri zithatha indawo ye-electrolyte engamanzi ngeziqina, ezibonelela ngezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa umahluko ophambili phakathi kwebhetri yelithium-ion yelizwe kunye neyemveli:

Ezi bhetri zithembisa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zabo eziphezulu zemveliso zihlala zingumngeni. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukuqhubela phambili kubuchule bokuvelisa kuya kubenza bafikeleleke ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.

Ukuphuculwa koxinano lwamandla kunye nesantya sokutshaja

Ishishini lenza imitsi ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwebhetri. Ndifumanisa oku kuhambela phambili kulandelayo kuphawuleka ngokukodwa:

• Iibhetri ze-lithium-sulfur zisebenzisa i-cathodes yesulfure ekhaphukhaphu, iphakamisa ubuninzi bamandla.
• I-Silicon anodes kunye noyilo lwe-slid-state luguqula ukugcinwa kwamandla kwizithuthi zombane (EVs).
• Izikhululo zokutshaja ezinamandla aphezulu kunye neetshaja zesilicon carbide zinciphisa amaxesha okutshaja kakhulu.
• Ukutshaja kwe-Bidirectional kuvumela ii-EVs ukuba zizinzise iigridi zamandla kwaye zisebenze njengemithombo yamandla egcinayo.

Olu tshintsho luqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri ezitshajekayo ezenziwe namhlanje zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kunangaphambili.

Ukwandiswa koMsebenzi weMveliso

Iigigafactory ezintsha kunye nezixhobo kwihlabathi liphela

Imfuno yeebhetri ikhokelele ekwandeni kolwakhiwo lwegigafactory. Iinkampani ezifana neTesla kunye ne-Samsung SDI zityala imali eninzi kumaziko amatsha. Umzekelo:

1. I-Tesla yabelwe i-1.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwi-R & D kwi-2015 ukuphuhlisa iiseli ze-lithium-ion eziphambili.
2. I-Samsung SDI yandise ukusebenza kwayo eHungary, eChina, nase-US

Olu tyalo-mali lujolise ekuhlangabezaneni nemfuno ekhulayo yee-EVs, i-electronics ephathekayo, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo.

Ukwahluka kwemimandla ukunciphisa umngcipheko wekhonkco lonikezelo

Ndiqaphele utshintsho olubhekiselele kulwahlulo lwengingqi kwimveliso yebhetri. Esi sicwangciso sinciphisa ukuthembela kwimimandla ethile kwaye someleza amakhonkco okubonelela. Oorhulumente ehlabathini lonke bakhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemveliso yasekuhlaleni ukuze kuqinise ukhuseleko lwamandla nokudala imisebenzi. Lo mkhwa uqinisekisa ukomelela ngakumbi kunye nemarike yebhetri yehlabathi jikelele.

Uzinzo njengoNdoqo

Ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo

Ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso ezinzileyo yebhetri. Ngelixa abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kuphela i-5% yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ziphinda zisetyenziswe, inkuthazo yezoqoqosho iqhuba utshintsho. Ukurisayikilisha iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezifana ne-lithium kunye ne-cobalt kunciphisa imfuno yokusebenza kwemigodi emitsha. Ndibona oku njengenyathelo elibalulekileyo lokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.

Uphuhliso lweefektri ezisebenza ngamandla ohlaza

Abavelisi bamkela amandla ahlaziyekayo ukunika amandla amaziko abo. Olu tshintsho lunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwaye luhambelane neenjongo zokuzinza kwihlabathi. Ndiyayincoma indlela ezi nzame ezinegalelo ngayo kuqoqosho olujikelezayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe ezenziwe namhlanje zixhasa ikamva eliluhlaza.

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zenziwe e-Asia, kunye noMntla Melika kunye neYurophu edlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ndiye ndaqaphela ukuba inkqubo yemveliso ixhomekeke kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zekrwada ezifana ne-lithium kunye ne-cobalt, ecaleni kweendlela eziphambili zokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, imiceli mngeni efana neendleko eziphezulu ezizinzileyo, ukuthembela kwizinto ezinqabileyo, kunye neengozi zokubonelela ngokhuseleko ziyaqhubeka. Imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, kubandakanywa imigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nezikhokelo zokurisayikilishwa, zibumba indlela yoshishino. Iinzame zozinzo, ezifana nokwamkela amandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nezenzo zokwembiwa kwe-eco-friendly, ziguqula ikamva leebhetri ezinokutshajwa namhlanje. Ezi ntsingiselo ziqaqambisa utshintsho oluthembisayo olubhekiselele ekuqaliseni izinto ezintsha nakuxanduva lokusingqongileyo.

FAQ

Ngawaphi amazwe aphambili avelisa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona?

I-China, iSouth Korea, kunye neJapan zilawula imveliso yebhetri yehlabathi. I-United States neYurophu zandisa iindima zazo ngezibonelelo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo emitsha. Le mimandla iyagqwesa ngenxa yetekhnoloji ephezulu, ukufikelela kwimathiriyeli ekrwada, kunye namatyathanga obonelelo aqinileyo.

Kutheni i-lithium ibalulekile kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona?

I-Lithium inikezela ngamandla amakhulu kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu, ziyenza iyimfuneko kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Iimpawu zayo ezizodwa zenza ugcino olusebenzayo lwamandla, oluyimfuneko kwizicelo ezifana nezithuthi zombane kunye nee-elektroniki eziphathwayo.

Abavelisi baqinisekisa njani umgangatho webhetri?

Abavelisi basebenzisa iinkqubo ezingqongqo zolawulo lomgangatho, kubandakanywa ukufumanisa iziphene kunye nokuvavanya ukusebenza. Iindlela zokuhlola eziphezulu ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko, ezibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ukuthembela kwabathengi kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yoshishino.

Yeyiphi imingeni elijongene nayo ishishini lebhetri?

Ishishini lijongene nemingeni efana neendleko eziphezulu zempahla ekrwada, iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ezivela kwimigodi, kunye nemingcipheko yokubonelela. Abavelisi balungisa le miba ngokuyila izinto ezintsha, amalinge okuhlaziya, kunye nokwahluka kommandla.

Uzinzo luyibumba njani imveliso yebhetri?

Uzinzo luqhuba ukwamkelwa kweendlela ezilungele indalo, ezinjengokusebenzisa amandla ahlaziyekayo kwiifektri kunye nemathiriyeli yokurisayikilisha. Ezi nzame zinciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwaye zihambelane neenjongo zehlabathi zekamva eliluhlaza.