Ngokwedatha, ibhetri eneqhosha elinye ingangcolisa iilitha ezingama-600000 zamanzi, ezinokusetyenziswa ngumntu ubomi bakhe bonke. Ukuba icandelo lebhetri yeNombolo 1 liphoswa kwintsimi apho kukhuliswa khona izityalo, imitha yesikwere enye yomhlaba ojikeleze le bhetri inkunkuma iya kuba yinyumba. Kutheni ibe ngolu hlobo? Kuba ezi bhetri zinkunkuma ziqulathe inani elikhulu leesinyithi ezinzima. Umzekelo: i-zinc, i-lead, i-cadmium, i-mercury, njl. Ezi sinyithi zinzima zingena emanzini kwaye zifunxwa ziintlanzi kunye nezityalo. Ukuba abantu batya ezi ntlanzi zingcolileyo, ii-shrimp kunye nezityalo, baya kuba nesifo seMercury kunye nezifo ze-central nervous system, kunye nezinga lokufa elifikelela kwi-40%. I-Cadmium ichongwa njengeClass 1A Carcinogen.

Iibhetri zenkunkuma ziqulathe iintsimbi ezinzima ezifana ne-mercury, i-cadmium, i-manganese, kunye ne-lead. Xa umphezulu weebhetri ubolile ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga nemvula, izinto zentsimbi ezinzima ngaphakathi ziya kungena emhlabeni namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Ukuba abantu batya izityalo eziveliswe kumhlaba ongcolileyo okanye basele amanzi angcolileyo, ezi metal zinobuthi ziya kungena emzimbeni womntu zize zichithe kancinci, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yabantu.

Emva kokuba i-mercury kwiibhetri zenkunkuma iphuphuma, ukuba ingena kwiiseli zobuchopho bomntu, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo iya konakala kakhulu. I-Cadmium inokubangela umonakalo kwisibindi nakwizintso, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuguquka kwamathambo. Ezinye iibhetri zenkunkuma zikwanayo ne-asidi kunye ne-heavy metal lead, enokubangela ungcoliseko lomhlaba namanzi ukuba ivuza kwindalo, ekugqibeleni ibe yingozi ebantwini.
Indlela yokunyanga ibhetri

1. Uhlulo
Xuba ibhetri yenkunkuma esetyenzisiweyo, susa iqokobhe le-zinc kunye nentsimbi esezantsi yebhetri, khupha isiciko sobhedu kunye nentonga yegrafiti, kwaye into emnyama eseleyo ngumxube weManganese dioxide kunye ne-ammonium chloride esetyenziswa njengesiseko sebhetri. Qokelela ezi zinto zingasentla ngokwahlukeneyo uze uzicubungule ukuze ufumane izinto eziluncedo. Intonga yegrafiti iyahlanjwa, yomiswe, ize isetyenziswe njenge-electrode.

2. I-granulation yeZinc
Hlamba iqokobhe le-zinc elihlutyiweyo uze ulibeke kwimbiza yentsimbi. Lifudumale ukuze linyibilike kwaye uligcine lifudumele iiyure ezi-2. Susa umaleko ongaphezulu womhlwa, uwuthulule ukuze uphole, uze uwupholise kwipleyiti yentsimbi. Emva kokuqina, kufunyanwa amasuntswana e-zinc.

3. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amaphepha obhedu
Emva kokusicaba isigqubuthelo sobhedu, sihlambe ngamanzi ashushu, uze wongeze inani elithile le-10% ye-sulfuric acid ukuze ubilise imizuzu engama-30 ukuze ususe umaleko we-oxide engaphezulu. Susa, uhlambe, uze womise ukuze ufumane umcu wobhedu.

4. Ukufunyanwa kwe-ammonium chloride
Faka into emnyama kwisilinda, yongeza amanzi afudumeleyo angama-60oC uze uvuselele iyure e-1 ukuze unyibilikise yonke i-ammonium chloride emanzini. Yiyeke ime nkqo, uhluze, uze uhlambe intsalela yesihluzo kabini, uze uqokelele utywala obungumama; Emva kokuba utywala obungumama buhlanjululwe nge-Vacuum de kuvele ifilimu emhlophe yekristale phezu komphezulu, iyapholiswa ize ihluzwe ukuze kufunyanwe iikristale ze-ammonium chloride, kwaye utywala obungumama buphinde busetyenziswe.

5. Ukubuyiselwa kweManganese dioxide
Hlamba intsalela yesihluzo esihluziweyo ngamanzi kathathu, uyihluze, ufake ikhekhe lesihluzo ebhodweni uze uyitshise ukuze ususe ikhabhoni encinci kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo, uze uyifake emanzini uze uyixube ngokupheleleyo imizuzu engama-30, uyihluze, yomise ikhekhe lesihluzo kwi-100-110oC ukuze ufumane iManganese dioxide emnyama.

6. Ukuqina, ukungcwatywa nzulu, kunye nokugcinwa kwimigodi elahliweyo
Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso eFransi ukhupha i-nickel kunye ne-cadmium kuyo, ezithi emva koko zisetyenziswe ekwenzeni intsimbi, ngelixa i-cadmium iphinda isetyenziswe ekuveliseni iibhetri. Ezinye iibhetri zenkunkuma zihlala zithuthwa ziye kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ezinetyhefu nezinobungozi, kodwa le ndlela ayibizi kakhulu nje kuphela, kodwa ikwabangela inkunkuma, kuba kusekho izinto ezininzi eziluncedo ezinokusetyenziswa njengezinto zokwenza imveliso.