Ndibona ibhetri ye-alkaline njengento ebalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla, inika amandla izixhobo ezingenakubalwa ngokuthembekileyo. Amanani esabelo semarike abonisa ukuthandwa kwayo, apho i-United States ifikelele kwi-80% kwaye i-United Kingdom ifikelele kwi-60% ngo-2011.
Njengoko ndijonga iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo, ndiyaqonda ukuba ukukhetha iibhetri kuchaphazela zombini inkunkuma kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo. Abavelisi ngoku baphuhlisa iindlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezingenayo i-mercury ukuxhasa uzinzo ngelixa begcina ukusebenza. Iibhetri ze-alkaline ziyaqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa, zilungelelanisa ulwalamano lwendalo kunye namandla athembekileyo. Ndikholelwa ukuba olu tshintsho luqinisa ixabiso lazo kwindawo yamandla anoxanduva.
Ukukhetha ibhetri ngendlela enolwazi kukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nokuthembeka kwesixhobo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Iibhetri ze-alkalineSebenzisa amandla kwizixhobo ezininzi zemihla ngemihla ngokuthembekileyo ngelixa uphucula ukuba zikhuseleke kwaye zibe nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngokususa iisinyithi ezinobungozi ezifana ne-mercury kunye ne-cadmium.
- Ukukhethaiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhonakunye nokugcina, ukusebenzisa, kunye nokurisayikilisha ngendlela efanelekileyo kunokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nomonakalo obangelwa kukulahlwa kwebhetri.
- Ukuqonda iintlobo zebhetri nokuzifanisa neemfuno zesixhobo kunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukonga imali, kunye nokuxhasa ukuzinza.
Iziseko zeBhetri yeAlkaline
Ikhemistri kunye noYilo
Xa ndijonga into ebekaibhetri ye-alkalineNgaphandle koko, ndibona ikhemistri yayo eyahlukileyo kunye nolwakhiwo lwayo. Ibhetri isebenzisa i-manganese dioxide njenge-electrode elungileyo kunye ne-zinc njenge-electrode engalunganga. I-Potassium hydroxide isebenza njenge-electrolyte, enceda ibhetri ukuba ikhuphe i-voltage engaguqukiyo. Olu dibaniso luxhasa impendulo yekhemikhali ethembekileyo:
I-Zn + MnO₂ + H₂O → I-Mn(OH)₂ + I-ZnO
Uyilo lusebenzisa isakhiwo se-electrode esichaseneyo, esongeza indawo phakathi kwamacala amahle nangalunganga. Olu tshintsho, kunye nokusebenzisa i-zinc kwimo ye-granule, lunyusa indawo yokusabela kwaye luphucula ukusebenza. I-potassium hydroxide electrolyte ithatha indawo yeentlobo ezindala ezifana ne-ammonium chloride, okwenza ibhetri isebenze ngakumbi kwaye isebenze kakuhle. Ndiyaqaphela ukuba ezi mpawu zinika ibhetri ye-alkaline ixesha elide lokuhlala kunye nokusebenza ngcono kwiimeko zokukhupha amanzi aphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi.
I-chemistry kunye noyilo lweebhetri ze-alkaline zenza ukuba zithembeke kwizixhobo ezininzi nakwiindawo ezingqongileyo.
| Uphawu/Icandelo | Iinkcukacha zeBhetri yeAlkaline |
|---|---|
| I-Cathode (i-Electrode Elungileyo) | I-Manganese dioxide |
| I-Anode (i-Electrode engalunganga) | Izinki |
| I-Electrolyte | I-potassium hydroxide (i-alkaline electrolyte yamanzi) |
| Ulwakhiwo lwe-Electrode | Ulwakhiwo lwe-electrode oluchaseneyo lonyusa indawo ephakathi kwee-electrode ezilungileyo nezingalunganga |
| Ifomu ye-Anode Zinc | Ifomu yegranule yokwandisa indawo yokusabela |
| Impendulo yeKhemikhali | I-Zn + MnO₂ + H₂O → I-Mn(OH)₂ + I-ZnO |
| Iingenelo zokusebenza | Umthamo ophezulu, ukumelana okuphantsi kwangaphakathi, ukusebenza okungcono kokukhupha amanzi amaninzi kunye nokusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi |
| Iimpawu zomzimba | Iseli eyomileyo, elahlwayo, ehlala ixesha elide eshelufini, umbane ophumayo uphezulu kuneebhetri zekhabhoni |
Izicelo eziqhelekileyo
Ndibona iibhetri ze-alkaline zisetyenziswa phantse kuyo yonke indawo yobomi bemihla ngemihla. Zisebenzisa ii-remote controls, iiwotshi, ii-flashlights, kunye neethoyi. Abantu abaninzi baxhomekeke kuzo ukuze bafumane iirediyo eziphathwayo, izixhobo zokubona umsi, kunye neekhibhodi ezingenazingcingo. Ndizifumana nakwiikhamera zedijithali, ngakumbi iintlobo ezilahlwayo, nakwii-timers zasekhitshini. Ubuninzi bazo bamandla aphezulu kunye nexesha elide lokusetyenziswa kwazo kuzenza zibe lolona khetho luphezulu kwii-elektroniki zasekhaya neze-elektroniki eziphathwayo.
- Izilawuli ezikude
- Iiwotshi
- Iifleshi
- Izinto zokudlala
- Iirediyo eziphathekayo
- Izixhobo zokubhaqa umsi
- Iikhibhodi ezingenazingcingo
- Iikhamera zedijithali
Iibhetri ze-alkaline zikwasebenza kwizicelo zorhwebo nezomkhosi, ezifana nezixhobo zokuqokelela idatha yolwandle kunye nokulandelela.
Iibhetri ze-alkaline zihlala zisisisombululo esithembekileyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zemihla ngemihla nezezixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
Impembelelo kwiNdalo yeBhetri yeAlkaline
Ukumbiwa kwezixhobo kunye nezixhobo
Xa ndijonga impembelelo yeebhetri kwindalo esingqongileyo, ndiqala ngezinto eziluhlaza. Izinto eziphambili kwibhetri ye-alkaline ziquka i-zinc, i-manganese dioxide, kunye ne-potassium hydroxide. Ukumba nokucoca ezi zinto kufuna amandla amaninzi, rhoqo kwi-fossil fuels. Le nkqubo ikhupha ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwekhabhoni kwaye iphazamise imithombo yomhlaba namanzi. Umzekelo, imisebenzi yokumba izimbiwa inokukhupha inani elikhulu le-CO₂, ebonisa ubungakanani bokuphazamiseka kwindalo esingqongileyo. Nangona i-lithium ingasetyenziswa kwiibhetri ze-alkaline, ukukhupha kwayo kunokukhupha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 kg ye-CO₂ ngekhilogram, nto leyo enceda ukubonisa impembelelo ebanzi yokukhupha izimbiwa.
Nantsi inkcazo yezixhobo ezibalulekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yazo:
| Impahla engekasilwa | Indima kwibhetri ye-Alkaline | Ukubaluleka kunye neMpembelelo |
|---|---|---|
| Izinki | I-anode | Ibaluleke kakhulu kwiimpendulo ze-electrochemical; uxinano lwamandla aphezulu; iyafikeleleka kwaye ifumaneka ngokubanzi. |
| I-Manganese Dioxide | I-Cathode | Ibonelela ngozinzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ekuguquleni amandla; iphucula ukusebenza kwebhetri. |
| I-Potassium Hydroxide | I-Electrolyte | Inceda ukuhamba kwee-ion; iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kombane kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwebhetri. |
Ndiyabona ukuba ukukhutshelwa nokulungiswa kwezi zinto kunegalelo kubomi bebhetri. Ukufunyanwa okuzinzileyo kunye namandla acocekileyo kwimveliso kunokunceda ukunciphisa le mpembelelo.
Ukukhethwa kunye nokufunyanwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kudlala indima enkulu kwiprofayili yokusingqongileyo yebhetri nganye ye-alkaline.
Ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo kwiMveliso
Ndinika ingqalelo kakhulu kwiingxolo ezikhutshwayo ngexeshaukwenziwa kwebhetriLe nkqubo isebenzisa amandla ukwemba, ukucokisa, nokudibanisa izixhobo. Kwiibhetri ze-AA alkaline, ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse okuqhelekileyo kufikelela kwiigram ezili-107 ze-CO₂ equivalent ngebhetri nganye. Iibhetri ze-AA alkaline zikhupha malunga neegram ezingama-55.8 ze-CO₂ equivalent nganye. La manani abonisa indlela esebenza ngayo ibhetri ngamandla.
| Uhlobo Lwebhetri | Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo (g) | Ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG okuqhelekileyo (g CO₂eq) |
|---|---|---|
| I-AA Alkaline | 23 | 107 |
| I-AAA Alkaline | 12 | 55.8 |
Xa ndithelekisa iibhetri ze-alkaline nezinye iintlobo, ndiphawula ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinempembelelo ephezulu ekuvelisweni. Oku kungenxa yokutsalwa nokulungiswa kweentsimbi ezinqabileyo ezifana ne-lithium kunye ne-cobalt, ezifuna amandla angakumbi kwaye zibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo.Iibhetri ze-zinc-carbonzinempembelelo efanayo neebhetri ze-alkaline kuba zisebenzisa izinto ezininzi ezifanayo. Ezinye iibhetri ze-zinc-alkaline, ezifana nezo zivela kwi-Urban Electric Power, zibonakalise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni okuphantsi kokwenziwa kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iibhetri ezisekelwe kwi-zinc zinokubonelela ngokhetho oluzinzileyo.
| Uhlobo Lwebhetri | Impembelelo yoMveliso |
|---|---|
| I-alkaline | Phakathi |
| I-lithium-ion | Phezulu |
| I-zinc-carbon | Phakathi (okungathethiweyo) |
Ukuveliswa komoya ongcolileyo yinto ebalulekileyo kwimpembelelo yeebhetri kwindalo esingqongileyo, kwaye ukukhetha imithombo yamandla ecocekileyo kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
Ukuveliswa kunye nokuLahlwa kweNkunkuma
Ndibona ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma njengomngeni omkhulu wokugcinwa kweebhetri. E-United States kuphela, abantu bathenga malunga neebhetri ze-alkaline ezimalunga neebhiliyoni ezi-3 ngonyaka, kunye neebhetri ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-8 ezilahlwayo imihla ngemihla. Uninzi lwezi bhetri ziphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Nangona iibhetri ze-alkaline zanamhlanje zingachazwa njengenkunkuma eyingozi yi-EPA, zisenokukhupha iikhemikhali emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba ngokuhamba kwexesha. Izinto ezingaphakathi, ezifana ne-manganese, intsimbi, kunye ne-zinc, zixabisekile kodwa kunzima kwaye zibiza kakhulu ukuzibuyisela, nto leyo ekhokelela kumanani aphantsi okurisayikilisha.
- Zimalunga ne-2.11 yeebhiliyoni iibhetri ze-alkaline ezisetyenziswa kanye kuphela ezilahlwa minyaka le e-US
- Ama-24% eebhetri ze-alkaline ezilahliweyo zisenamandla amaninzi aseleyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ezininzi azisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
- I-17% yeebhetri eziqokelelweyo azisetyenziswanga konke konke ngaphambi kokuba zilahlwe.
- Impembelelo yebhetri ze-alkaline kwindalo iyanda ngama-25% kuvavanyo lomjikelo wobomi ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kancinci.
- Iingozi zokusingqongileyo ziquka ukukhukuliswa kweekhemikhali, ukuphelelwa zizixhobo, kunye nokuchithakala kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kanye.
Ndikholelwa ukuba ukuphucula amazinga okusetyenziswa kwakhona nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwebhetri nganye kunokunceda ekunciphiseni inkunkuma kunye neengozi zokusingqongileyo.
Ukulahla iibhetri ngendlela efanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kakuhle kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukonakala kwendalo kunye nokugcina izixhobo.
Ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-alkaline
Umthamo kunye neziphumo zamandla
Xa ndivavanyaukusebenza kwebhetri, Ndigxila kumthamo kunye nokukhupha amandla. Umthamo webhetri ye-alkaline eqhelekileyo, elinganiswa ngee-milliampere-hours (mAh), idla ngokuba phakathi kwe-1,800 ukuya kwi-2,850 mAh ngobukhulu be-AA. Lo mthamo uxhasa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiilawuli ezikude ukuya kwiitotshi. Iibhetri zeLithium AA zinokufikelela kwi-3,400 mAh, zibonelela ngoxinano lwamandla aphezulu kunye nexesha elide lokusebenza, ngelixa iibhetri ze-NiMH ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ziqala kwi-700 ukuya kwi-2,800 mAh kodwa zisebenza kwi-voltage ephantsi ye-1.2V xa kuthelekiswa ne-1.5V yeebhetri ze-alkaline.
Itshathi elandelayo ithelekisa uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwamandla kwiikhemikhali zebhetri eziqhelekileyo:
Ndiyaqaphela ukuba iibhetri ze-alkaline zibonelela ngokusebenza okulinganayo kunye neendleko, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele izixhobo zokukhupha amanzi ezisezantsi ukuya kweziphakathi. Ukuphuma kwamandla azo kuxhomekeke kubushushu kunye neemeko zomthwalo. Kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ukuhamba kwee-ion kuyehla, okubangela ukumelana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi kunye nomthamo ophantsi. Imithwalo ephezulu yokukhupha amanzi ikwanciphisa umthamo ohanjiswayo ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla ombane. Iibhetri ezine-impedance yangaphakathi ephantsi, njengeemodeli ezikhethekileyo, zisebenza ngcono phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Ukusetyenziswa okukhawulezileyo kuvumela ukubuyiswa kwamandla ombane, kwandisa ubomi bebhetri xa kuthelekiswa nokukhutshwa okuqhubekayo.
- Iibhetri ze-alkaline zisebenza kakuhle kubushushu begumbi kunye nemithwalo ephakathi.
- Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi amdaka aphezulu kunciphisa amandla okusebenza kakuhle kunye nexesha lokusebenza.
- Ukusebenzisa iibhetri ezilandelelanayo okanye ezilandelelanayo kunokunciphisa ukusebenza ukuba iseli enye ibuthathaka.
Iibhetri ze-alkaline zibonelela ngomthamo othembekileyo kunye nokukhupha amandla kwizixhobo ezininzi zemihla ngemihla, ingakumbi phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.
Ubomi beShelufu kunye nokuthembeka
Ixesha lokuphelelwa libhetri libaluleke kakhulu xa ndikhetha iibhetri zokugcina okanye zokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Iibhetri ze-alkaline zihlala iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-7 kwishelufu, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokugcina ezifana nobushushu kunye nokufuma. Izinga lazo lokuzikhupha kancinci liqinisekisa ukuba zigcina uninzi lwetshaja yazo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iibhetri ze-lithium zinokuhlala iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 xa zigcinwe kakuhle, kwaye iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezinokutshajwa zibonelela ngemijikelo yokutshaja engaphezu kwe-1,000 enobomi beshelufu obumalunga neminyaka eli-10.
Ukuthembeka kwii-elektroniki zabathengi kuxhomekeke kwiimilinganiselo ezahlukeneyo. Ndixhomekeke kuvavanyo lokusebenza kobugcisa, impendulo yabathengi, kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwesixhobo. Uzinzo lwe-voltage lubalulekile ekunikezelweni kwamandla rhoqo. Ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo, ezifana neemeko zokukhupha amanzi amaninzi kunye nezokukhupha amanzi amancinci, kundinceda ndivavanye ukusebenza kakuhle kwehlabathi lokwenyani. Iimpawu eziphambili ezifana ne-Energizer, i-Panasonic, kunye ne-Duracell zihlala zivavanyelwa ngokungaboniyo ukuze kuthelekiswe ukusebenza kwesixhobo kwaye kuchongwe abadlali abaphambili.
- Iibhetri ze-alkaline zigcina i-voltage ezinzileyo kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwizixhobo ezininzi.
- Ixesha elihlala ixesha elide kunye nokuthembeka kwazo kuzenza zilungele izixhobo zongxamiseko kunye nezixhobo ezingasetyenziswa rhoqo.
- Uvavanyo lobuchwephesha kunye nempendulo yabathengi ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo rhoqo.
Iibhetri ze-alkaline zibonelela ngokuthembeka nokuthembeka okuthembekileyo, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zibe lukhetho oluthembekileyo lokusetyenziswa rhoqo nangxamisekileyo.
Ukuhambelana kwesixhobo
Ukuhambelana kwesixhobo kumisela ukuba ibhetri iyahlangabezana njani neemfuno ze-elektroniki ezithile. Ndifumanise ukuba iibhetri ze-alkaline zihambelana kakhulu nezixhobo zemihla ngemihla ezifana nee-remote zeTV, iiwotshi, ii-flashlights, kunye neethoyi. Ukuphuma kwazo okuzinzileyo kwe-1.5V kunye nomthamo wazo usukela kwi-1,800 ukuya kwi-2,700 mAh zihambelana neemfuno ze-elektroniki ezininzi zasekhaya. Izixhobo zonyango kunye nezixhobo zongxamiseko nazo ziyazuza kukuthembeka kwazo kunye nenkxaso ephakathi yokukhupha amanzi.
| Uhlobo lweSixhobo | Ukuhambelana neebhetri ze-Alkaline | Izinto Eziphambili Ezichaphazela Ukuhambelana |
|---|---|---|
| Izixhobo ze-elektroniki zemihla ngemihla | Iphezulu (umz., iiremote zeTV, iiwotshi, iitotshi, izinto zokudlala) | Umsele wamandla ophakathi ukuya kophantsi; i-voltage ye-1.5V ezinzileyo; umthamo we-1800-2700 mAh |
| Izixhobo zonyango | Ifanelekile (umz., iimonitha zeglucose, iimonitha zoxinzelelo lwegazi eziphathwayo) | Ukuthembeka kubalulekile; ukukhupha amanzi okuphakathi; ukuhambelana kwe-voltage kunye nomthamo kubalulekile |
| Izixhobo zoNgxamiseko | Ifanelekile (umz., izixhobo zokubona umsi, iirediyo zongxamiseko) | Ukuthembeka kunye nokukhupha umbane ozinzileyo kubalulekile; ukukhupha amanzi okuphakathi |
| Izixhobo eziSebenza ngokuPhezulu | Ayifanelekanga kangako (umz., iikhamera zedijithali ezisebenza kakuhle) | Idla ngokufuna i-lithium okanye iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ngenxa yokukhupha amanzi amaninzi kunye neemfuno zobomi obude |
Ndisoloko ndijonga iincwadi zezixhobo ukuze ndibone iintlobo zebhetri ezicetyiswayo kunye nomthamo wazo. Iibhetri ze-alkaline zibiza kancinci kwaye ziyafumaneka ngokubanzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zisebenziseke ngamanye amaxesha kwaye zisebenzise amandla aphakathi. Kwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi okanye eziphathwayo, iibhetri ze-lithium okanye ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokubonelela ngokusebenza ngcono kunye nobomi obude.
- Iibhetri ze-alkaline zibalasele kwizixhobo zokukhupha amanzi eziphantsi ukuya kweziphakathi.
- Ukufanisa uhlobo lwebhetri neemfuno zesixhobo kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nexabiso.
- Ukuphumelela kweendleko kunye nokufumaneka kwazo kwenza iibhetri ze-alkaline zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kumakhaya amaninzi.
Iibhetri ze-alkaline zihlala zisisombululo esithandwayo kwii-elektroniki zemihla ngemihla, zibonelela ngokuhambelana okuthembekileyo kunye nokusebenza.
Utshintsho kwi-Alkaline Battery Sustainability
Ukuqhubela phambili okungenaMercury kunye neCadmium
Ndibone inkqubela enkulu ekwenzeni iibhetri ze-alkaline zikhuseleke ebantwini nakwihlabathi liphela. IPanasonic yaqala ukuvelisaiibhetri ze-alkaline ezingenayo i-mercuryngo-1991. Le nkampani ngoku inikezela ngeebhetri ze-carbon zinc ezingenalo i-lead, i-cadmium, kunye ne-mercury, ingakumbi kumgca wayo we-Super Heavy Duty. Olu tshintsho lukhusela abasebenzisi kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokususa iintsimbi ezinobuthi kwimveliso yeebhetri. Abanye abavelisi, njengeZhongyin Battery kunye neNanFu Battery, nabo bagxila kubuchwepheshe obungenalo i-mercury kunye ne-cadmium. I-Johnson New Eletek isebenzisa imigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo ukugcina umgangatho kunye nokuzinza. Le mizamo ibonisa intshukumo eqinileyo kushishino oluya ekuvelisweni kweebhetri ze-alkaline ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko.
- Iibhetri ezingenayo iMercury kunye ne-cadmium zinciphisa iingozi zempilo.
- Imveliso ezenzekelayo iphucula ukuhambelana kwaye ixhasa iinjongo eziluhlaza.
Ukususa iintsimbi ezinobuthi kwiibhetri kuzenza zikhuseleke kwaye zibe ngcono kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Iinketho zeBhetri yeAlkaline enokuPhindwa iSebenziswe kwaye iTshajwe kwakhona
Ndiqaphele ukuba iibhetri ezisetyenziswa kanye kuphela zibangela inkunkuma eninzi. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinceda ekusombululeni le ngxaki kuba ndingazisebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi.Iibhetri ze-alkaline ezinokutshajwa kwakhonaZihlala ixesha elimalunga ne-10 epheleleyo, okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 cycles ukuba andizikhuphi ngokupheleleyo. Umthamo wazo uyehla emva kokutshajwa rhoqo, kodwa zisasebenza kakuhle kwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amancinci ezifana neetotshi kunye neerediyo. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa ze-nickel-metal hydride zihlala ixesha elide, kunye namakhulu okanye amawaka emijikelo kunye nokugcinwa okungcono komthamo. Nangona iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zibiza ngaphezulu ekuqaleni, zonga imali ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zinciphisa inkunkuma. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo kwezi bhetri kunceda ekufumaneni izixhobo ezixabisekileyo kwaye kunciphisa isidingo sezixhobo ezintsha.
| Umbono | Iibhetri zeAlkaline ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe | Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona (umz., i-NiMH) |
|---|---|---|
| Ubomi boMjikelo | ~iibhayisekile ezili-10; ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 xa ukhupha inxalenye | Amakhulu ukuya kumawaka eebhayisekile |
| Umthamo | Ukuhla emva kokutshaja okokuqala | Izinzile kwimijikelo emininzi |
| Ukufaneleka kokusetyenziswa | Eyona ilungele izixhobo ezingasebenzisi manzi amaninzi | Ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye ikhupha amanzi amaninzi |
Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zibonelela ngeengenelo ezingcono zokusingqongileyo xa zisetyenziswa kwaye ziphinda zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokujikeleza
Ndibona ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ibhetri ye-alkaline njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenza ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri ye-alkaline kube lula ngakumbi. Iiteknoloji ezintsha zokuphinda kusetyenziswe ibhetri zinceda ekuqhubekeni nokucubungula iibhetri ngokukhuselekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo. Ii-shredders ezilungiselelwe wena ziphatha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhetri, kwaye ii-shredders ezine-shaft enye ezinezikrini ezitshintshayo zivumela ulawulo olungcono lobungakanani bamasuntswana. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-shredders kubushushu obuphantsi kunciphisa ukukhutshwa okuyingozi kwaye kuphucula ukhuseleko. Ukwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwizityalo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe ibhetri kwandisa inani leebhetri ezicutshungulwayo kwaye kunceda ekubuyiseleni izinto ezifana ne-zinc, i-manganese, kunye nentsimbi. Olu phuculo lwenza ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kube lula kwaye kuxhase uqoqosho olujikelezayo ngokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhona izixhobo ezixabisekileyo.
- Iinkqubo zokuqhekeza eziphucukileyo ziphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto.
- Ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo kunyusa amaxabiso okurisayikilisha kwaye kunciphisa iindleko.
Itekhnoloji engcono yokuphinda isetyenziswe inceda ekudaleni ikamva elizinzileyo lokusetyenziswa kweebhetri.
Ibhetri yeAlkaline vs. Ezinye iintlobo zeBhetri
Ukuthelekisa neeBhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona
Xa ndithelekisa iibhetri ezisetyenziswa kanye nezo zitshajwayo, ndibona umahluko obalulekileyo. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zingasetyenziswa izihlandlo ezininzi, nto leyo enceda ekunciphiseni inkunkuma kwaye yonge imali ngokuhamba kwexesha. Zisebenza kakuhle kwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi ezifana neekhamera kunye nabalawuli bemidlalo kuba zinika amandla azinzileyo. Nangona kunjalo, zibiza kakhulu ekuqaleni kwaye zifuna itshaja. Ndifumanisa ukuba iibhetri ezinokutshajwayo zilahlekelwa yitshaja ngokukhawuleza xa zigcinwe, ngoko ke azifanelekanga kwiikiti zongxamiseko okanye izixhobo ezihlala zingasetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Nantsi itheyibhile egxininisa umahluko ophambili:
| Umbono | Iibhetri zeAlkaline (Eziphambili) | Iibhetri Ezitshajwayo (Ezesibini) |
|---|---|---|
| Ukutshajwa kwakhona | Ayitshajwa kwakhona; kufuneka itshintshwe emva kokusetyenziswa | Ingatshajwa kwakhona; ingasetyenziswa izihlandlo ezininzi |
| Ukumelana Kwangaphakathi | Phezulu; ayifanelekanga kangako kwiispikes zangoku | Ezantsi; imveliso engcono yamandla encochoyini |
| Ukufaneleka | Ilungele izixhobo ezingasebenzisi kakhulu amanzi amaninzi nezingasetyenziswa rhoqo | Eyona ilungele izixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi nezisetyenziswa rhoqo |
| Beka ubomi kwishelufa | Igqibelele; ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwishelufu | Ikhupha umoya kakhulu; ayifanelekanga kangako ukugcina ixesha elide |
| Impembelelo kwiNdalo | Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kukhokelela kwinkunkuma engaphezulu | Ukunciphisa inkunkuma ubomi bonke; kuluhlaza ngakumbi xa iyonke |
| Ixabiso | Ixabiso lokuqala liphantsi; akukho tshaja ifunekayo | Ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu; lifuna itshaja |
| Ubunzima boYilo lweSixhobo | Kulula; akukho mfuneko yokutshaja | Kunzima ngakumbi; ifuna ukutshaja kunye nokukhusela isekethe |
Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zingcono xa zisetyenziswa rhoqo nakwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi, ngelixa iibhetri ezisetyenziswa kanye zingcono xa zisetyenziswa ngamaxesha athile, xa zikhupha amanzi amancinci.
Ukuthelekiswa neebhetri zeLithium kunye neZinc-Carbon
Ndiyabona loo ntoiibhetri ze-lithiumZibalasele ngobuninzi bazo bamandla aphezulu kunye nobomi obude. Zisebenzisa izixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi njengeekhamera zedijithali kunye nezixhobo zonyango. Ukuphinda usebenzise iibhetri ze-lithium kuyinkimbinkimbi kwaye kubiza kakhulu ngenxa yekhemikhali yazo kunye neentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Iibhetri ze-zinc-carbon, kwelinye icala, zinamandla aphantsi kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amancinci. Kulula kwaye kubiza kancinci ukuzisebenzisa kwakhona, kwaye i-zinc ayinabungozi kangako.
Nantsi itheyibhile ethelekisa ezi ntlobo zebhetri:
| Umbono | Iibhetri zeLithium | Iibhetri zeAlkaline | Iibhetri zeZinc-Carbon |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuninzi bamandla | Iphezulu; ilungele izixhobo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi | Iphakathi; ingcono kune-zinc-carbon | Iphantsi; ilungele izixhobo ezingasebenzisi manzi amaninzi |
| Imingeni yokulahla | Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezintsonkothileyo; izinyithi ezixabisekileyo | Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ngendlela engafanelekanga; umngcipheko othile kwindalo esingqongileyo | Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwakhona; inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo |
| Impembelelo kwiNdalo | Ukwemba nokulahla inkunkuma kungonakalisa okusingqongileyo | Ubuthi obuphantsi; ukulahlwa okungafanelekanga kunokungcolisa | I-Zinc ayinabungozi kangako kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwakhona |
Iibhetri zeLithium zinika amandla angakumbi kodwa kunzima ukuzisebenzisa kwakhona, ngelixa iibhetri zeZinc-carbon zilula kwindalo esingqongileyo kodwa zingenamandla kangako.
Amandla kunye nobuthathaka
Xa ndivavanya ukhetho lweebhetri, ndicinga ngamandla nangobuthathaka bazo. Ndifumanisa ukuba iibhetri ezisetyenziswa kanye ziyafikeleleka kwaye kulula ukuzifumana. Zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zinika amandla azinzileyo kwizixhobo ezingasebenzisi manzi amaninzi. Ndingawasebenzisa kwangoko kwiphakheji. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ndizitshintshe emva kokusetyenziswa, nto leyo edala inkunkuma eninzi. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zibiza kakhulu ekuqaleni kodwa zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zibangela inkunkuma encinci. Zifuna izixhobo zokutshaja kunye nengqalelo rhoqo.
- Amandla eebhetri ezisetyenziswa kanye:
- Ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye ifumaneka lula
- Ixesha elihle kakhulu lokugcinwa kweshelufu
- Amandla azinzileyo kwizixhobo ezikhupha amanzi kancinci
- Ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngoko nangoko
- Ubuthathaka beebhetri ezisetyenziswa kanye:
- Ayitshajwa kwakhona; kufuneka itshintshwe emva kokuphela kwayo
- Ixesha elifutshane lokuphila kuneebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona
- Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwandisa inkunkuma ye-elektroniki
Iibhetri ezisetyenziswa kube kanye zithembekile kwaye zilula, kodwa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zingcono kwimeko-bume kwaye zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Ukwenza Ukhetho Lwebhetri Ye-Alkaline Ezinzileyo
Iingcebiso zokusetyenziswa ngendlela enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo
Ndisoloko ndikhangela iindlela zokunciphisa impembelelo yam kwindalo xa ndisebenzisa iibhetri. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo endizilandelayo:
- Sebenzisa iibhetri kuphela xa kuyimfuneko kwaye ucime izixhobo xa zingasetyenziswa.
- Khethaiindlela ezinokutshajwa kwakhonakwizixhobo ezifuna utshintsho lwebhetri rhoqo.
- Gcina iibhetri kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo ukuze zandise ubomi bazo.
- Kuphephe ukuxuba iibhetri ezindala nezintsha kwisixhobo esinye ukuze uthintele inkunkuma.
- Khetha iimpawu ezisebenzisa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo nezinembopheleleko eqinileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Imikhwa elula efana nale inceda ekugcineni izixhobo kwaye igcine iibhetri zingangeni kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Ukwenza utshintsho oluncinci ekusebenziseni iibhetri kunokukhokelela kwingxaki enkulu.iingenelo zokusingqongileyo.
Ukuphinda Usebenzise Izinto Ngokutsha Nokulahlwa Ngendlela Efanelekileyo
Ukulahlwa kweebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo ngendlela efanelekileyo kukhusela abantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ndilandela la manyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo:
- Gcina iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo kwisikhongozeli esinelebhile nesivalekayo kude nobushushu nokufuma.
- Faka iitheminali kwi-terminals, ingakumbi kwiibhetri ze-9V, ukuthintela ii-short circuits.
- Gcina iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri zahlukile ukuze uphephe iimpembelelo zeekhemikhali.
- Thatha iibhetri uzise kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ezikufutshane okanye kwiindawo zokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma enobungozi.
- Ungaze ulahle iibhetri kwiibhini zenkunkuma okanye kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ecaleni kwendlela.
Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokulahla izinto ngokukhuselekileyo kuthintela ungcoliseko kwaye kuxhasa uluntu olucocekileyo.
Ukukhetha ibhetri ye-alkaline efanelekileyo
Xa ndikhetha iibhetri, ndicinga ngokusebenza kunye nokuzinza kwazo. Ndikhangela ezi mpawu:
- Iimpawu ezisebenzisa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ezifana ne-Energizer EcoAdvanced.
- Iinkampani ezineziqinisekiso zokusingqongileyo kunye nemveliso ecacileyo.
- Uyilo olumelana nokuvuza ukuze kukhuselwe izixhobo kwaye kuncitshiswe inkunkuma.
- Iinketho ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ukuze wonge ixesha elide kwaye ungachithi mali ingako.
- Ukuhambelana nezixhobo zam ukuze ndingalahli izinto ngaphambi kwexesha.
- Iinkqubo zasekuhlaleni zokulawula ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ekupheleni kobomi.
- Iimpawu ezidumileyo ezaziwa ngokulinganisela ukusebenza kunye nokuzinza.
Ukukhetha ibhetri efanelekileyo kuxhasa ukuthembeka kwesixhobo kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo.
Ndibona ibhetri ye-alkaline itshintsha ngokwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nokuveliswa kombane okonga amandla. Ezi nkqubela phambili ziphucula ukusebenza kwaye zinciphisa inkunkuma.
- Imfundo yabathengi kunye neenkqubo zokusebenzisa kwakhona izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zinceda ekukhuseleni okusingqongileyo.
Ukwenza ukhetho olunolwazi kuqinisekisa amandla athembekileyo kwaye kuxhasa ikamva elizinzileyo.
FAQ
Yintoni eyenza iibhetri ze-alkaline zibe nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo namhlanje?
Ndibona abavelisi besusa i-mercury kunye ne-cadmium kwiibhetri ze-alkaline. Olu tshintsho lunciphisa umonakalo kwindalo kwaye luphucula ukhuseleko.
Iibhetri ezingenayo iMercuryxhasa imeko-bume ecocekileyo nekhuselekileyo.
Ndingazigcina njani iibhetri ze-alkaline ukuze zisebenze kakuhle?
Ndigcina iibhetri kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo. Ndiyaziphepha iiqondo lobushushu eligqithisileyo kunye nokufuma. Ukugcinwa kakuhle kwandisa ixesha lokuphelelwa kwaye kugcina amandla.
Imikhwa emihle yokugcina izinto inceda ukuba iibhetri zihlale ixesha elide.
Ngaba ndingakwazi ukuphinda ndisebenzise iibhetri ze-alkaline ekhaya?
Andinakuphinda ndisebenzise iibhetri ze-alkaline kwiibhini eziqhelekileyo zasekhaya. Ndizithatha ndizise kwiindawo zokuphinda ndisebenzise okanye kwimicimbi yokuqokelelwa kwezinto.
Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ngendlela eyiyo kukhusela okusingqongileyo kwaye kubuyisela izinto ezixabisekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-14-2025
